Annapurani Vaidyanathan
Instrumentation Engineer/Writer/Compere/Freelance Journalist
LATEST PROJECTS
Project |01
SMART GRID SYSTEMS
A smart grid is an evolved grid system that manages electricity demand in a sustainable, reliable and economic manner, built on advanced infrastructure and tuned to facilitate the integration of all involved. The smart grid is the future for electrical systems, as it is designed to meet the four major electricity requirements of our global society: capacity, reliability, efficiency and sustainability. Today, existing grids are under pressure to deliver the growing demand for power, as well as provide a stable and sustainable supply of electricity. These complex challenges are driving the evolution of smart grid technologies Smart grids will make use of new design concepts and advanced materials in system components like transformers and circuit breakers to improve efficiency, safety and operational performance. Widespread use of power electronic devices will help maximize performance of existing assets and make the grid more resilient in the event of disruptions. Energy storage technologies will help mitigate demand peaks and allow the grid to integrate more renewable energy power sources. More flexible transmission and distribution systems can accommodate fluctuations in supply, increase efficiency and optimize system operations. Powerful monitoring and control systems will help prevent disruptions before they occur. A smart grid combines all of these features, linked by communication technologies. The future electrical system must be able to meet demand for electricity in a way that also satisfies environmental concerns. The biggest changes are in the distribution network and for end users, especially commercial and residential users. Innovative technologies for smart distribution networks and buildings include smart meters, building automation systems, electric vehicle charging equipment, low-voltage solar inverters, high-efficiency distribution transformers; substation and feeder automation.
Project |02
SMART BUS
Smart bus is an ordinary bus that is better in many ways than the bus being prevalent now. This Bus will be equipped with sensors at the footboard that prevents the bus from being started when people are getting down and getting into the bus. This bus gets halt whenever people stand at the footboards thus preventing major accidents. This bus also has a mechanism devised to prevent overcrowding.
A. To Stop Overcrowding
This is made possible by including a counter at the entry and exit doors.The counter at the entry door increments for every person entering and the counter at the exit door decrementing when each person gets down. These two counters are connected in a loop thus these counters work in synchronization. When the setpoint or the number of people can be within the bus is programmed,the entry door allows people to enter until the setpoint is reached and the door closes automatically as soon as the setpoint is reached.thus our target of preventing overcrowding in buses is achieved.
B. To Prevent Footboard Accidents
Most of the accidents occur due to hanging out from footboards. This is prevented in our smart bus by employing a sensor at the footboard ,this helps to maintain the bus at halt until people get down or get into the bus ,the sensor senses people standing at the footboard, signal from the sensor stops the bus getting started until people are on the footboard. An alarm circuit is connected, which gives out an alarm for a set period (in the microcontroller timer), as long as somebody stands on the footboard. Once the timer runs out, the electrical circuit of the bus will break or open up, and the bus will come to a halt. In order to enable the bus to move again, the person has to get away from the footboard.
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